John Fahy, MD

Professor
Department of Medicine
Primary Thematic Area
Secondary Thematic Area
Research Summary
Mechanism Oriented Clinical Research in Airway Disease
+1 415 476-9940

I am a Professor of Medicine in the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and the Department of Medicine at UCSF. I direct a research program in asthma and other airway diseases that is human centered and focused on uncovering disease mechanisms and improving treatment.

MAJOR GOALS: (i) To define abnormalities in airway epithelial cell function that contribute to abnormal type 2 immune responses in asthma; (ii) To explore mechanisms of formation of pathologic mucus gels in the airway so that novel mucolytics can be developed; (iii) To explore the heterogeneity of molecular mechanisms in asthma to improve prospects for treatment approaches that are patient specific.

(i) ABNORMAL TYPE 2 IMMUNE RESPONSES IN HUMAN ASTHMA: The airway epithelium has emerged as an important regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses that result in type 2 allergic airway inflammation. My lab is specifically investigating epithelial mechanisms that contribute to upregulation of Th2 cytokines in the asthmatic airway. Our experimental approaches include gene and protein expression analysis of airway epithelial brushings, biopsies, and secretions, and cell culture studies in airway epithelial cells from human donors. We collaborate with multiple other UCSF labs, including the Locksley, Ansel, and Woodruff labs.

(ii) PATHOLOGIC MUCUS GELS: The formation of pathologic mucus is a feature of multiple lung diseases and has multiple consequences for lung health, including airflow obstruction and infections. My lab is investigating how pathologic mucus gels form. Our experimental approaches include detailed analyses of sputum samples using rheology-, imaging- and biochemistry-based approaches. We use the data from analysis of pathologic mucus to inform strategies for development of novel mucolytics. Important collaborators include Drs Stefan Oscarson and Stephen Carrington at University College Dublin.

(iii) HETEROGENEITY OF MOLECULAR MECHANISMS IN ASTHMA: Many asthmatics do not respond well to currently available treatments and one reason is that current medications assume a one size fits all approach. My lab is applying a variety of targeted and unbiased approaches to investigate disease mechanism in large numbers of asthmatics with a view to improving understanding of the range and frequency of disease mechanisms that underlie asthma. Our experimental approaches include detailed analysis of the differential expression of genes and proteins in airway biospecimens collected from highly characterized patients with asthma and healthy controls. We also simultaneously explore how simpler tests in blood might reveal specific disease mechanisms and serve as biomarkers for personalizing treatment. Our work in this area is done in collaboration with the Woodruff lab at UCSF and with investigators in the NIH Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP).

Publications

Clinical and Biological Features of a Thickened Basement Membrane Zone in Asthma.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Leung C, Tang M, Finkbeiner WE, Johansson MW, Denlinger LC, Jarjour NN, Castro M, Sumino K, Erzurum SC, Comhair SA, Moore WC, Hastie AT, Levy BD, Israel E, Phillips BR, Mauger DT, Wenzel SE, Christenson S, Seibold MA, Jackson N, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP)

Type 1 Immune Responses Related to Viral Infection Influence Corticosteroid Response in Asthma.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Fahy JV, Jackson ND, Sajuthi SP, Pruesse E, Moore CM, Everman JL, Rios C, Tang M, Gauthier M, Wenzel SE, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Comhair SA, Erzurum SC, Hastie AT, Moore W, Israel E, Levy BD, Denlinger L, Jarjour NN, Johansson MW, Mauger DT, Phillips BR, Sumino K, Woodruff PG, Peters MC, Seibold MA, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program-3

Development of an asthma health-care burden score as a measure of severity and predictor of remission in SARP III and U-BIOPRED: results from two major longitudinal asthma cohorts.

The Lancet. Respiratory medicine

Zein JG, Zounemat-Kerman N, Adcock IM, Hu B, Attaway A, Castro M, Dahlén SE, Denlinger LC, Erzurum SC, Fahy JV, Gaston B, Hastie AT, Israel E, Jarjour NN, Levy BD, Mauger DT, Moore W, Peters MC, Sumino K, Townsend E, Woodruff P, Ortega VE, Wenzel SE, Meyers DA, Chung KF, Bleecker ER, Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) Consortium and th

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Variation in Asthma Risk, Severity, and Exacerbations.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Xu W, Hong YS, Hu B, Comhair SAA, Janocha AJ, Zein JG, Chen R, Meyers DA, Mauger DT, Ortega VE, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Denlinger LC, Fahy JV, Israel E, Levy BD, Jarjour NN, Moore WC, Wenzel SE, Gaston B, Liu C, Arking DE, Erzurum SC, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP) and TOPMed m

A common polymorphism in the Intelectin-1 gene influences mucus plugging in severe asthma.

Nature communications

Everman JL, Sajuthi SP, Liegeois MA, Jackson ND, Collet EH, Peters MC, Chioccioli M, Moore CM, Patel BB, Dyjack N, Powell R, Rios C, Montgomery MT, Eng C, Elhawary JR, Mak ACY, Hu D, Huntsman S, Salazar S, Feriani L, Fairbanks-Mahnke A, Zinnen GL, Michel CR, Gomez J, Zhang X, Medina V, Chu HW, Cicuta P, Gordon ED, Zeitlin P, Ortega VE, Reisdorph N, Dunican EM, Tang M, Elicker BM, Henry TS, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Erzurum SC, Israel E, Levy BD, Mauger DT, Meyers DA, Sumino K, Gierada DS, Hastie AT, Moore WC, Denlinger LC, Jarjour NN, Schiebler ML, Wenzel SE, Woodruff PG, Rodriguez-Santana J, Pearson CG, Burchard EG, Fahy JV, Seibold MA

A novel DNase assay reveals low DNase activity in severe asthma.

American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology

Charbit AR, Liegeois MA, Raymond WW, Comhair SAA, Johansson MW, Hastie AT, Bleecker ER, Fajt M, Castro M, Sumino K, Erzurum SC, Israel E, Jarjour NN, Mauger DT, Moore WC, Wenzel SE, Woodruff PG, Levy BD, Tang MC, Fahy JV

Utility of eosinophil peroxidase as a biomarker of eosinophilic inflammation in asthma.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Tang M, Charbit AR, Johansson MW, Jarjour NN, Denlinger LC, Raymond WW, Peters MC, Dunican EM, Castro M, Sumino K, Erzurum SC, Comhair SA, Moore WC, Levy BD, Israel E, Phipatanakul W, Phillips BR, Mauger DT, Bleecker ER, Wenzel SE, Fajt ML, Woodruff PG, Hastie AT, Fahy JV, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Variation in Asthma Risk, Severity, and Exacerbations.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

Xu W, Hong YS, Hu B, Comhair SAA, Janocha AJ, Zein JG, Chen R, Meyers DA, Mauger DT, Ortega VE, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Denlinger LC, Fahy JV, Israel E, Levy BD, Jarjour NN, Moore WC, Wenzel SE, Gaston B, Liu C, Arking DE, Erzurum SC, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP) and TOPMed m

The Impact of Insulin Resistance on Loss of Lung Function and Response to Treatment in Asthma.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Peters MC, Schiebler M, Cardet JC, Johansson MW, Sorkness R, DeBoer MD, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Castro M, Sumino K, Erzurum SC, Tattersall MC, Zein JG, Hastie AT, Moore W, Levy BD, Israel E, Duvall M, Phillips BR, Mauger DT, Wenzel SE, Fajt ML, Koliwad SK, Denlinger LC, Woodruff PG, Jarjour NN, Fahy JV, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program-3

Mucus Plugs Persist in Asthma and Changes in Mucus Plugs Associate with Changes in Airflow Over Time.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Tang M, Elicker BM, Henry T, Gierada DS, Schiebler ML, Huang BK, Peters MC, Castro M, Hoffman EA, Fain SB, Ash SY, Choi J, Hall C, Phillips BR, Mauger DT, Denlinger LC, Jarjour NN, Israel E, Phipatanakul W, Levy BD, Wenzel SE, Bleecker ER, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV, Dunican EM, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Severe Asthma Research Program-3 (SARP-3).

Obesity alters pathology and treatment response in inflammatory disease.

Nature

Bapat SP, Whitty C, Mowery CT, Liang Y, Yoo A, Jiang Z, Peters MC, Zhang LJ, Vogel I, Zhou C, Nguyen VQ, Li Z, Chang C, Zhu WS, Hastie AT, He H, Ren X, Qiu W, Gayer SG, Liu C, Choi EJ, Fassett M, Cohen JN, Sturgill JL, Crotty Alexander LE, Suh JM, Liddle C, Atkins AR, Yu RT, Downes M, Liu S, Nikolajczyk BS, Lee IK, Guttman-Yassky E, Ansel KM, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV, Sheppard D, Gallo RL, Ye CJ, Evans RM, Zheng Y, Marson A

The Precision Interventions for Severe and/or Exacerbation-Prone (PrecISE) Asthma Network: an overview of Network organization, procedures and interventions.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Georas SN, Wright RJ, Ivanova A, Israel E, LaVange LM, Akuthota P, Carr TF, Denlinger LC, Fajt ML, Kumar R, O'Neal WK, Phipatanakul W, Szefler SJ, Aronica MA, Bacharier LB, Burbank AJ, Castro M, Alexander LC, Bamdad J, Cardet JC, Comhair SAA, Covar RA, DiMango EA, Erwin K, Erzurum SC, Fahy JV, Gaffin JM, Gaston B, Gerald LB, Hoffman EA, Holguin F, Jackson DJ, James J, Jarjour NN, Kenyon NJ, Khatri S, Kirwan JP, Kraft M, Krishnan JA, Liu AH, Liu MC, Marquis MA, Martinez F, Mey J, Moore WC, Moy JN, Ortega VE, Peden DB, Pennington E, Peters MC, Ross K, Sanchez M, Smith LJ, Sorkness RL, Wechsler ME, Wenzel SE, White SR, Zein J, Zeki AA, Noel P, PrecISE Study Team

Mucus Plugs and Emphysema in the Pathophysiology of Airflow Obstruction and Hypoxemia in Smokers.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Dunican EM, Elicker BM, Henry T, Gierada DS, Schiebler ML, Anderson W, Barjaktarevic I, Barr RG, Bleecker ER, Boucher RC, Bowler RP, Christenson SA, Comellas A, Cooper CB, Couper D, Criner GJ, Dransfield M, Doerschuk CM, Drummond MB, Hansel NN, Han MK, Hastie AT, Hoffman EA, Krishnan JA, Lazarus SC, Martinez FJ, McCulloch CE, O'Neal WK, Ortega VE, Paine R, Peters S, Schroeder JD, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV

PrecISE: Precision Medicine in Severe Asthma An Adaptive Platform Trial with Biomarker Ascertainment.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Israel E, Denlinger LC, Bacharier LB, LaVange LM, Moore WC, Peters MC, Georas SN, Wright RJ, Mauger DT, Noel P, Akuthota P, Bach J, Bleecker ER, Cardet JC, Carr TF, Castro M, Cinelli A, Comhair SAA, Covar RA, Alexander LC, DiMango EA, Erzurum SC, Fahy JV, Fajt ML, Gaston BM, Hoffman EA, Holguin F, Jackson DJ, Jain S, Jarjour NN, Ji Y, Kenyon NJ, Kosorok MR, Kraft M, Krishnan JA, Kumar R, Liu AH, Liu MC, Ly NP, Marquis MA, Martinez FD, Moy JN, O'Neal WK, Ortega VE, Peden DB, Phipatanakul W, Ross K, Smith LJ, Szefler SJ, Teague WG, Tulchinsky AF, Vijayanand P, Wechsler ME, Wenzel SE, White SR, Zeki AA, Ivanova A

The precision interventions for severe and/or exacerbation-prone asthma (PrecISE) adaptive platform trial: statistical considerations.

Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics

Ivanova A, Israel E, LaVange LM, Peters MC, Denlinger LC, Moore WC, Bacharier LB, Marquis MA, Gotman NM, Kosorok MR, Tomlinson C, Mauger DT, Georas SN, Wright RJ, Noel P, Rosner GL, Akuthota P, Billheimer D, Bleecker ER, Cardet JC, Castro M, DiMango EA, Erzurum SC, Fahy JV, Fajt ML, Gaston BM, Holguin F, Jain S, Kenyon NJ, Krishnan JA, Kraft M, Kumar R, Liu MC, Ly NP, Moy JN, Phipatanakul W, Ross K, Smith LJ, Szefler SJ, Teague WG, Wechsler ME, Wenzel SE, White SR

An Allosteric Anti-tryptase Antibody for the Treatment of Mast Cell-Mediated Severe Asthma.

Cell

Maun HR, Jackman JK, Choy DF, Loyet KM, Staton TL, Jia G, Dressen A, Hackney JA, Bremer M, Walters BT, Vij R, Chen X, Trivedi NN, Morando A, Lipari MT, Franke Y, Wu X, Zhang J, Liu J, Wu P, Chang D, Orozco LD, Christensen E, Wong M, Corpuz R, Hang JQ, Lutman J, Sukumaran S, Wu Y, Ubhayakar S, Liang X, Schwartz LB, Babina M, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV, Ahuja R, Caughey GH, Kusi A, Dennis MS, Eigenbrot C, Kirchhofer D, Austin CD, Wu LC, Koerber JT, Lee WP, Yaspan BL, Alatsis KR, Arron JR, Lazarus RA, Yi T

HSD3B1 genotype identifies glucocorticoid responsiveness in severe asthma.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Zein J, Gaston B, Bazeley P, DeBoer MD, Igo RP, Bleecker ER, Meyers D, Comhair S, Marozkina NV, Cotton C, Patel M, Alyamani M, Xu W, Busse WW, Calhoun WJ, Ortega V, Hawkins GA, Castro M, Chung KF, Fahy JV, Fitzpatrick AM, Israel E, Jarjour NN, Levy B, Mauger DT, Moore WC, Noel P, Peters SP, Teague WG, Wenzel SE, Erzurum SC, Sharifi N

Severe asthma during childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal study.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Ross KR, Gupta R, DeBoer MD, Zein J, Phillips BR, Mauger DT, Li C, Myers RE, Phipatanakul W, Fitzpatrick AM, Ly NP, Bacharier LB, Jackson DJ, Celedón JC, Larkin A, Israel E, Levy B, Fahy JV, Castro M, Bleecker ER, Meyers D, Moore WC, Wenzel SE, Jarjour NN, Erzurum SC, Teague WG, Gaston B

An Allosteric Anti-tryptase Antibody for the Treatment of Mast Cell-Mediated Severe Asthma.

Cell

Maun HR, Jackman JK, Choy DF, Loyet KM, Staton TL, Jia G, Dressen A, Hackney JA, Bremer M, Walters BT, Vij R, Chen X, Trivedi NN, Morando A, Lipari MT, Franke Y, Wu X, Zhang J, Liu J, Wu P, Chang D, Orozco LD, Christensen E, Wong M, Corpuz R, Hang JQ, Lutman J, Sukumaran S, Wu Y, Ubhayakar S, Liang X, Schwartz LB, Babina M, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV, Ahuja R, Caughey GH, Kusi A, Dennis MS, Eigenbrot C, Kirchhofer D, Austin CD, Wu LC, Koerber JT, Lee WP, Yaspan BL, Alatsis KR, Arron JR, Lazarus RA, Yi T

Mometasone or Tiotropium in Mild Asthma with a Low Sputum Eosinophil Level.

The New England journal of medicine

Lazarus SC, Krishnan JA, King TS, Lang JE, Blake KV, Covar R, Lugogo N, Wenzel S, Chinchilli VM, Mauger DT, Dyer AM, Boushey HA, Fahy JV, Woodruff PG, Bacharier LB, Cabana MD, Cardet JC, Castro M, Chmiel J, Denlinger L, DiMango E, Fitzpatrick AM, Gentile D, Hastie A, Holguin F, Israel E, Jackson D, Kraft M, LaForce C, Lemanske RF, Martinez FD, Moore W, Morgan WJ, Moy JN, Myers R, Peters SP, Phipatanakul W, Pongracic JA, Que L, Ross K, Smith L, Szefler SJ, Wechsler ME, Sorkness CA

Pruning of the Pulmonary Vasculature in Asthma: The SARP Cohort.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Ash SY, Rahaghi FN, Come CE, Ross JC, Colon AG, Cardet-Guisasola JC, Dunican EM, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Fahy JV, Fain SB, Gaston BM, Hoffman EA, Jarjour NN, Mauger DT, Wenzel SE, Levy BD, San Jose Estepar R, Israel E, Washko GR

After asthma: redefining airways diseases.

Lancet (London, England)

Pavord ID, Beasley R, Agusti A, Anderson GP, Bel E, Brusselle G, Cullinan P, Custovic A, Ducharme FM, Fahy JV, Frey U, Gibson P, Heaney LG, Holt PG, Humbert M, Lloyd CM, Marks G, Martinez FD, Sly PD, von Mutius E, Wenzel S, Zar HJ, Bush A

Baseline Features of the Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP III) Cohort: Differences with Age.

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

Teague WG, Phillips BR, Fahy JV, Wenzel SE, Fitzpatrick AM, Moore WC, Hastie AT, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Peters SP, Castro M, Coverstone AM, Bacharier LB, Ly NP, Peters MC, Denlinger LC, Ramratnam S, Sorkness RL, Gaston BM, Erzurum SC, Comhair SAA, Myers RE, Zein J, DeBoer MD, Irani AM, Israel E, Levy B, Cardet JC, Phipatanakul W, Gaffin JM, Holguin F, Fajt ML, Aujla SJ, Mauger DT, Jarjour NN

Effects of Age and Disease Severity on Systemic Corticosteroid Responses in Asthma.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Phipatanakul W, Mauger DT, Sorkness RL, Gaffin JM, Holguin F, Woodruff PG, Ly NP, Bacharier LB, Bhakta NR, Moore WC, Bleecker ER, Hastie AT, Meyers DA, Castro M, Fahy JV, Fitzpatrick AM, Gaston BM, Jarjour NN, Levy BD, Peters SP, Teague WG, Fajt M, Wenzel SE, Erzurum SC, Israel E

Inflammatory and Comorbid Features of Patients with Severe Asthma and Frequent Exacerbations.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Denlinger LC, Phillips BR, Ramratnam S, Ross K, Bhakta NR, Cardet JC, Castro M, Peters SP, Phipatanakul W, Aujla S, Bacharier LB, Bleecker ER, Comhair SA, Coverstone A, DeBoer M, Erzurum SC, Fain SB, Fajt M, Fitzpatrick AM, Gaffin J, Gaston B, Hastie AT, Hawkins GA, Holguin F, Irani AM, Israel E, Levy BD, Ly N, Meyers DA, Moore WC, Myers R, Opina MT, Peters MC, Schiebler ML, Sorkness RL, Teague WG, Wenzel SE, Woodruff PG, Mauger DT, Fahy JV, Jarjour NN

Future Research Directions in Asthma. An NHLBI Working Group Report.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

Levy BD, Noel PJ, Freemer MM, Cloutier MM, Georas SN, Jarjour NN, Ober C, Woodruff PG, Barnes KC, Bender BG, Camargo CA, Chupp GL, Denlinger LC, Fahy JV, Fitzpatrick AM, Fuhlbrigge A, Gaston BM, Hartert TV, Kolls JK, Lynch SV, Moore WC, Morgan WJ, Nadeau KC, Ownby DR, Solway J, Szefler SJ, Wenzel SE, Wright RJ, Smith RA, Erzurum SC

Comparison of physician-, biomarker-, and symptom-based strategies for adjustment of inhaled corticosteroid therapy in adults with asthma: the BASALT randomized controlled trial.

JAMA

Calhoun WJ, Ameredes BT, King TS, Icitovic N, Bleecker ER, Castro M, Cherniack RM, Chinchilli VM, Craig T, Denlinger L, DiMango EA, Engle LL, Fahy JV, Grant JA, Israel E, Jarjour N, Kazani SD, Kraft M, Kunselman SJ, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Lugogo N, Martin RJ, Meyers DA, Moore WC, Pascual R, Peters SP, Ramsdell J, Sorkness CA, Sutherland ER, Szefler SJ, Wasserman SI, Walter MJ, Wechsler ME, Boushey HA

Asthma outcomes: biomarkers.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Szefler SJ, Wenzel S, Brown R, Erzurum SC, Fahy JV, Hamilton RG, Hunt JF, Kita H, Liu AH, Panettieri RA, Schleimer RP, Minnicozzi M

A trial of clarithromycin for the treatment of suboptimally controlled asthma.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

Sutherland ER, King TS, Icitovic N, Ameredes BT, Bleecker E, Boushey HA, Calhoun WJ, Castro M, Cherniack RM, Chinchilli VM, Craig TJ, Denlinger L, DiMango EA, Fahy JV, Israel E, Jarjour N, Kraft M, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Peters SP, Ramsdell J, Sorkness CA, Szefler SJ, Walter MJ, Wasserman SI, Wechsler ME, Chu HW, Martin RJ

Tiotropium bromide step-up therapy for adults with uncontrolled asthma.

The New England journal of medicine

Peters SP, Kunselman SJ, Icitovic N, Moore WC, Pascual R, Ameredes BT, Boushey HA, Calhoun WJ, Castro M, Cherniack RM, Craig T, Denlinger L, Engle LL, DiMango EA, Fahy JV, Israel E, Jarjour N, Kazani SD, Kraft M, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Lugogo N, Martin RJ, Meyers DA, Ramsdell J, Sorkness CA, Sutherland ER, Szefler SJ, Wasserman SI, Walter MJ, Wechsler ME, Chinchilli VM, Bleecker ER

Effect of beta2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism on response to longacting beta2 agonist in asthma (LARGE trial): a genotype-stratified, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Lancet (London, England)

Wechsler ME, Kunselman SJ, Chinchilli VM, Bleecker E, Boushey HA, Calhoun WJ, Ameredes BT, Castro M, Craig TJ, Denlinger L, Fahy JV, Jarjour N, Kazani S, Kim S, Kraft M, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Markezich A, Martin RJ, Permaul P, Peters SP, Ramsdell J, Sorkness CA, Sutherland ER, Szefler SJ, Walter MJ, Wasserman SI, Israel E

Predicting worsening asthma control following the common cold.

The European respiratory journal

Walter MJ, Castro M, Kunselman SJ, Chinchilli VM, Reno M, Ramkumar TP, Avila PC, Boushey HA, Ameredes BT, Bleecker ER, Calhoun WJ, Cherniack RM, Craig TJ, Denlinger LC, Israel E, Fahy JV, Jarjour NN, Kraft M, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Martin RJ, Peters SP, Ramsdell JW, Sorkness CA, Sutherland ER, Szefler SJ, Wasserman SI, Wechsler ME

Daily versus as-needed corticosteroids for mild persistent asthma.

The New England journal of medicine

Boushey HA, Sorkness CA, King TS, Sullivan SD, Fahy JV, Lazarus SC, Chinchilli VM, Craig TJ, Dimango EA, Deykin A, Fagan JK, Fish JE, Ford JG, Kraft M, Lemanske RF, Leone FT, Martin RJ, Mauger EA, Pesola GR, Peters SP, Rollings NJ, Szefler SJ, Wechsler ME, Israel E